Rhetoric
SARVENAZ JAVIDAN; MOHAMMAD ALI GOZASHTI; ALI ASGHAR HALABI
Abstract
Qhaem Magham Farahani is one of the influential people in the political history of the country and his "Monsha`at' is a turning point in the history of the evolution of Persian prose, which can be analyzed in the field of criticism according to the diversity of content and political, historical and literary ...
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Qhaem Magham Farahani is one of the influential people in the political history of the country and his "Monsha`at' is a turning point in the history of the evolution of Persian prose, which can be analyzed in the field of criticism according to the diversity of content and political, historical and literary dimensions of its author.Critical analysis emphasizes the principle that the language of literary texts, like other texts, serves communication and can be analyzed critically. In this article, Roger Fowler's theory in critical analysis is selected and based on it, linguistic functions. The rhetoric of the text has been studied from the perspectives of thought, interpersonal and text, and by looking at the context of the situation, the necessary knowledge has been obtained about the interaction in the text as well as the influence of discourse actors.Analysis of letter No. 21 from the Monsha`at shows that the author has increased the effectiveness of his letter to the addressee by using the above linguistic and rhetorical functions and has succeeded in achieving his intended purposes; This analysis also shows the underlying facts in the context of discourse style, ideology, and the relations of domination and power of discourse actors, which indicates the dominance of the audience's power over the author.
Rhetoric
masood sepahvandi
Abstract
Rhetoric is one of the literary sciences in which the issue of adapting words to the requirements of the situation and position is examined. Since the effort and attention to the literary and rhetorical nuances of the Qur'an required a relative familiarity with the interpretation and simile of the verses, ...
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Rhetoric is one of the literary sciences in which the issue of adapting words to the requirements of the situation and position is examined. Since the effort and attention to the literary and rhetorical nuances of the Qur'an required a relative familiarity with the interpretation and simile of the verses, commentators have been pioneers in this matter, including: Abolfatuh Razi, Zamakhshari, Shahfur Esfraini, etc. And the secret of this knowledge has crystallized in the miraculous rhetoric of the Qur'an and their words, but unfortunately, some of these secrets have remained far from the eyes of Islamic-Iranian rhetoricians or have been given less attention. Therefore, it is necessary to discover, examine and analyze these beauties from among their writings. The present article is a research in which the author has tried to, after examining the Persian interpretations of the Holy Quran with analytical-descriptive methods, those literary beauties that have been left out of the eyes of rhetoricians or have been less addressed; found and analyzed. After analyzing the examples, the author concludes that in the early interpretations of the Qur'an, special techniques were used such as: useful virtual documents of the meaning of honor, secondary meanings of interrogative sentences, style of conditional sentences, etc.
Rhetoric
Maryam Behfar; Mahdokht Pourkhaleghi Chatrodi; Ahmad Zabeti Jahromi
Abstract
The main goal of this research is to know the different ways of using the device of “preposing and postposing” and to analyse and investigate its various effects and functions in Iranian cinema. Therefore, with a neoformalist approach and using the topics of rhetoric, we considered preposing ...
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The main goal of this research is to know the different ways of using the device of “preposing and postposing” and to analyse and investigate its various effects and functions in Iranian cinema. Therefore, with a neoformalist approach and using the topics of rhetoric, we considered preposing and postposing in film editing as a kind of shots processing, in which to create an effect or convey different rhetorical purposes, the shots are shown in a late/early position. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical and the resources include library and audiovisual resources (films). For this research, 11 films from Iranian cinema have been purposefully selected. The results of the research showed that the device of preposing is in ways such as showing a shot before of its position, hearing sound before image, placing a result before the action and the device of postposing is used in cinema by creating a distance between two main shots, delaying the establishing shot, reaction shot, point of view shot, Delay in showing main and secondary characters, etc. This technique creates special functions and qualities in films by moving one or several shots: Creating a comedy situation, drawing attention to the element that has appeared, cutting off the energy between two shots, creating a sense of confusion, limiting and stopping the narrative, interfering in The judgment of the audience, reflection of the characters inner feelings are some of the functions of this device in Iranian cinema films.
Mansoureh Shirzadi; Mohammad Hossein Sharafzadeh; Zahra Rastegar Haghighi Shirazi
Abstract
There are about one thousand and two hundred verses regarding Resurrection in Qur'an. After studying these verses, we discovered that some of these verses strive to convince people to accept Resurrection and describe the way it will occur. Other verses sometimes refer to Resurrection directly and sometimes ...
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There are about one thousand and two hundred verses regarding Resurrection in Qur'an. After studying these verses, we discovered that some of these verses strive to convince people to accept Resurrection and describe the way it will occur. Other verses sometimes refer to Resurrection directly and sometimes describe it through discourse-oriented titles. These discourse-oriented titles are The Calamity, Day of Mutual Disillusion, Day of Mutual Meeting, the Day that is [ever] drawing near, Day of Regret, Day when there of Mutual calling, Day of Sorting out, Day of Distress, etc. these words possess connotative meaning besides their referential meaning. Based on Fairclough’s view, these titles were analyzed in three levels: description, interpretation, and explanation. At the explanation level, we discussed the reasons for the revelation of these verses and discovered that their purpose is to warn Muslims of the Greatness and Immensity of that day. Moreover, the belief in Resurrection alone does not guarantee men’s prosperity, and they need to save good deeds for that day because those who have done more good deeds will have a better eternal life.) Whoever whose scale of good deeds is heavy, will have a satisfactory eternal life, and whoever whose scale of good deeds is light will be living in Abyss (Hell).
Rhetoric
shamsolah shams; masuod sepahvandi
Abstract
With the advancements in linguistics and literary criticism of language, nowadays it is possible to analyze and examine works, especially lasting literary works, in order to understand the secret of the immortality of these rich creations. Rhetorical criticism is one of the vibrant and dynamic criticisms ...
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With the advancements in linguistics and literary criticism of language, nowadays it is possible to analyze and examine works, especially lasting literary works, in order to understand the secret of the immortality of these rich creations. Rhetorical criticism is one of the vibrant and dynamic criticisms that exists in Persian literature, and under the shadow of this important tool, one can find out about the discussion and the inner secrets of the poet's and writer's thinking. Examining the literaryness of each text and its recognition is mostly shown with poetic eloquence and it is with the help of this criticism that one can distinguish between one work and another. Examining the secondary purposes of sentences, especially compositional sentences, is one of the important topics of semantic science. Meanwhile, rhetorical questioning is one of the most effective types of this artistic trick. In fact, rhetorical questions and their secondary purposes are worthy of investigation and research as an artistic method.In this analytical and descriptive research, Baroush first examined the structure of interrogative sentences in the satires of three poets of the constitutional period, and then examined the frequency of interrogative devices in their poems. We have shown the habits of questioning and rhetorical function in the poems of the three mentioned poets. The main problem of this research is to discover the hidden rhetorical code in the interrogative sentences of satires of the constitutional era.
Abstract
چکیدهروایتشناسی ریشه در ساختارگرایی دارد و کارکرد اصلی آن بررسی عناصر ساختاری است. «ژرار ژنت» برای بررسی متون رواییطرحی پیشنهاد میکند و گام بلندی در راه اعتلای ...
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چکیدهروایتشناسی ریشه در ساختارگرایی دارد و کارکرد اصلی آن بررسی عناصر ساختاری است. «ژرار ژنت» برای بررسی متون رواییطرحی پیشنهاد میکند و گام بلندی در راه اعتلای این علم برداشتهاست. او در نظریات خود به بررسی سه عامل زمان دستوری، وجه یا حال و هوا و لحن پرداخته است. هدف از نگارش این مقاله بررسی مؤلفههای روایت در شش شعر «نصرت رحمانی» بر اساس دیدگاه ژرار ژنت است. روش تحقیق تحلیلی ـ توصیفی است. نتایج حاصل از بررسی اشعار نشان داد که ترتیب روایت در همهی اشعار مورد بررسی به صورت خطّی است؛ یعنی، بین داستان و روایت تفاوتی وجود ندارد. روایت داستانها در همهی اشعار به غیر از «میعاد در لجن» که شتابی منفی داشت، دارای شتاب مثبت است. بسامد مورد استفاده در روایت، به غیر از شعر «چاقو» که بسامد مکرّر داشت و واژگان و عباراتی در آن تکرار شدهاست، در دیگر اشعار بسامد مفرد(تک) محور است. به لحاظ وجه در تمامی اشعار کمترین فاصله مشاهده میشود. زاویهی دید در «فاحشه و ماشه را چکاند» سوم شخص و بیرونی و در دیگر اشعار؛ «میعاد در لجن»، «چاقو»، «مادر و نامه» اوّل شخص و درونی است. دیدگاه در «فاحشه و ماشه را چکاند» کانون بیرونی ـ باز نمود ناهمگن و در سایر اشعار شامل «میعاد در لجن»، «چاقو»، «مادر و نامه» کانون درونی ـ بازنمود همگن است. صدا و لحن نیز در «فاحشه و ماشه را چکاند» خارج از روایت خود و در دیگر اشعار «میعاد در لجن»، «چاقو»، «مادر و نامه» داخل در روایت خود است.
Rhetoric
zahra jourabchi
Abstract
The emergence of existential metaphors in the children's stories of peace .The science of rhetoric is not only applied in adults' literature. Metaphor is one of the rhetoric concepts and applications that has a fundamental role in children's stories. The themes of the many children's story are dealt ...
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The emergence of existential metaphors in the children's stories of peace .The science of rhetoric is not only applied in adults' literature. Metaphor is one of the rhetoric concepts and applications that has a fundamental role in children's stories. The themes of the many children's story are dealt with peace and friendship. The writers have used the metaphoric language in order to make the story more influential. Hence, they have used to this method of peace training to achieve the highest level of thinking. The findings indicate that among the conceptual metaphors, the existential metaphors and their sub-divisions have been the most frequents ones used in children's story books by writers to train and gutturalize the culture of peace to the audience. Holistically, the existential metaphors have been remarkable applied in such a way to make the abstract and intricate subjects more tangible and comprehensible for children .Keywords: peace, story children, metaphor, ontologism
