Document Type : applied research
Authors
1 Ph.D Student in Persian Language and Literature Ferdowsi University of Mashhad,
2 Full Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Letters and Humanities Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. (Corresponding Author)
3 Full Professor, Department of Television, Faculty of Radio and Television Production, IRIB University,Tehran, Iran
Abstract
The main goal of this research is to know the different ways of using the device of “preposing and postposing” and to analyse and investigate its various effects and functions in Iranian cinema. Therefore, with a neoformalist approach and using the topics of rhetoric, we considered preposing and postposing in film editing as a kind of shots processing, in which to create an effect or convey different rhetorical purposes, the shots are shown in a late/early position. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical and the resources include library and audiovisual resources (films). For this research, 11 films from Iranian cinema have been purposefully selected. The results of the research showed that the device of preposing is in ways such as showing a shot before of its position, hearing sound before image, placing a result before the action and the device of postposing is used in cinema by creating a distance between two main shots, delaying the establishing shot, reaction shot, point of view shot, Delay in showing main and secondary characters, etc. This technique creates special functions and qualities in films by moving one or several shots: Creating a comedy situation, drawing attention to the element that has appeared, cutting off the energy between two shots, creating a sense of confusion, limiting and stopping the narrative, interfering in The judgment of the audience, reflection of the characters inner feelings are some of the functions of this device in Iranian cinema films.
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