tahereh ishany
Abstract
Hafez, among the poets of his time, has paid attention to the Imad Faqih’s ghazal and has tried to compose some ghazals in a same weight and rhyme with almost the same themes. Although these ghazals are supposedly like Emad's ghazals, they have a different atmosphere, freshness and beauty. The ...
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Hafez, among the poets of his time, has paid attention to the Imad Faqih’s ghazal and has tried to compose some ghazals in a same weight and rhyme with almost the same themes. Although these ghazals are supposedly like Emad's ghazals, they have a different atmosphere, freshness and beauty. The hypothesis of the present study is that one of the differences between Hafez and Imad's ghazals lies in the way of dis-normative application, because dis-normality is one of the aesthetic categories that have a significant effect on defamiliarization and foregrouding in poetry. Therefore, in this essay, we will use the descriptive-analytic and statistical method, using the Lich's dis-normative pattern, to answer the question of which Hafez poetry has characteristics for using of various types of dis-normality that causes the privilege and superiority of his poetry toward the poet of the same age has been Imad Faqih? The results of this research indicate that the uperiority of Hafez's poetry toward Ghazal Imad Faqih is in the use of more dis-normalization in general and semantic, lexical and syntactic dis-normality in particular. Hafez has made his poetry more prominent by creating artistic imagination, literary compositions, and getting out of the dominant arrangement of language. This is one of the factors that contributed to the privilege and superiority of his poetry toward the poet of his time, Imad Faqih.
Ali Tasnimi; yahya talebian; maryam ghaffari jahed; ahmadreza biabani tooneh
Abstract
The Rhetorical system is one of the most prominent literary system in which one can see how the literary creation process works. The simile industry as one of the most important means of the portrait is the central core of poetic imagination. Among the elements of this verbal adornment, the Similarity ...
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The Rhetorical system is one of the most prominent literary system in which one can see how the literary creation process works. The simile industry as one of the most important means of the portrait is the central core of poetic imagination. Among the elements of this verbal adornment, the Similarity factor is the activation of the reader's mind and participation in the creation of the arts, an incredible likeness and innovation in it, to a large extent, returns to a Similarity form. The present study seeks to analyze the similarities used in Vis and Rāmin Fakhreddin Asad Gurgani and Khosrow and Shirin Ganjavi, from the views of Christine Brock-Rose and André Gutli, in the style of the two Poems, the different application of the pictograms in them, and The relationship between the face-to-face ratio and the frequency of the use of tangible and pertinent elements in their similes is measured and evaluated. The method used in the descriptive-analytic research is based on the inductive reasoning that is carried out through sampling.The similes have more dynamism and become out of order and stability. Similarly, in both Poems, the frequency of visual simulations is greater than functional simulations. On the other hand, the fictional motif of the military is more than the story of Fakhr-Aldin Asa’d, and on the contrary, the poetry of Vis and Rāmin Poem is more imaginative. Most aspects of similarity are necessary in both stories as to what is meant, to be expected and to the way.
fatemeh khodarahmi
Abstract
Adaptation of the "Kelileh and Demneh" and "Marzban-nameh" allegories for children Based on communicational theory: Children require their own literature, and it is imperative that any work that is unique to children will greatly meet the needs of this group. In recent decades, the preservation and transfer ...
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Adaptation of the "Kelileh and Demneh" and "Marzban-nameh" allegories for children Based on communicational theory: Children require their own literature, and it is imperative that any work that is unique to children will greatly meet the needs of this group. In recent decades, the preservation and transfer of national literary identity to children has attracted the attention of countless authors and adapters to ancient and new literary texts for children. Works like "Kelileh and Demneh " and "Marzban-nameh" are suitable for being allegorical for this work. In this research, it has been tried to study the appropriateness of the analogies of these two books for children based on the theory of communicational in a descriptive-analytical way. Allegories are based on tripods: environment and ecologies, Skein and motivation are important. Findings show that based on the three principles, a more appropriate relationship can be established between the allegorical texts and the children and adolescent audience.
saba jalili jashn adadi; seyyed mahdi rahimi
Abstract
یکی از مباحث مهم در علم معانی، جملههای انشایی است که به طلبی و غیرطلبی تقسیم میشود. انشای طلبی شامل گزارههای امری و نهی، پرسشی، تمنّی و ندا و دعا میباشد. بنا بر اصل ...
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یکی از مباحث مهم در علم معانی، جملههای انشایی است که به طلبی و غیرطلبی تقسیم میشود. انشای طلبی شامل گزارههای امری و نهی، پرسشی، تمنّی و ندا و دعا میباشد. بنا بر اصل سهگانۀ؛ مقتضای حال مخاطب و مقام او و هدف نویسنده، گاهی گزارههای انشایی از ظاهر دستوری خود عدول کرده و معنیِ معنی آنها -کارکرد بلاغی- چشمگیر شود. با بررسی منظورشناختی این گزارهها، میتوان لایههای پنهانی زبان را کشف کرد. ازآنجایی که گفتگو، عنصر اصلی در برقراری ارتباط است، در این پژوهش، گزارههای انشایی درگفتگوها و داستانوارههای موسی در مثنوی مولوی تحلیل و بررسی می-شود. در این پژوهش، به این نتیجه رسیدیم کهمولوی ازکارکردهای ترغیبی و همدلی زبان بسیار بهره میبرد تا به وسیلۀ شیوة خطابی و منبری، به هدف خود که اقناع و برانگیختگی و ترغیب مخاطب است، دست یابد. بیشترین نمونههای این ترغیب و برانگیختگی نیز در گزارههای امری و ندایی و نیز پرسشی نمود یافته است
zahra jamshidi; seyed mohamad arta
Abstract
One of the main features of Hafiz's poetry is his rhetoric. He achieved this by applying various literary techniques. One of the safeguards used to enhance the rhetoric of his poems is the use of understatement, which has so far remained hidden from scholars. Understatement is a rhetorical and literary ...
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One of the main features of Hafiz's poetry is his rhetoric. He achieved this by applying various literary techniques. One of the safeguards used to enhance the rhetoric of his poems is the use of understatement, which has so far remained hidden from scholars. Understatement is a rhetorical and literary tool that is the point of exaggeration, and the point is to make someone or something weaker, inferior or inferior to themselves or to express them. In the present study, first, based on the viewpoints of the scholars, a complete definition of the understatement is presented, then the conceptualization methods of the understatement are reduced and its aims in Hafez's poems are analyzed through the study of libraries. The research results show that Hafiz, by relying on the extent of his rhetorical and linguistic knowledge, uses words such as few or lesser, I, m fear, perhaps, maybe, better, a little, and able to create the understatement of inferiority in his own words. His poetry has also semantic and aesthetic functions, among which semantic functions can be modesty, moderation, objection with caution, respect, exhortation and admonition, and aesthetic functions to verbal proportions.
Mohmmad Nabi Keirabadi; Abolgasem Rahimi; Abbas Mohammadian; Hassan Delbari
Abstract
For recognizing the position of a text, the title serves as the gate that leads us to the world of text. The relationship between the title (signifier) and text (signified) is a mutual signification; title should be a natural presentation of the text and the latter should have taken form in accordance ...
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For recognizing the position of a text, the title serves as the gate that leads us to the world of text. The relationship between the title (signifier) and text (signified) is a mutual signification; title should be a natural presentation of the text and the latter should have taken form in accordance to the title. However, sometimes it is not the case due to interference of extra-textual factors; therefore, investigating the principles and patterns governing these implications is one of the objectives of this study. This study analyzes the rhetorics used in titling of the ancient Persian prose and poetic works. In choosing a title, factors like subject, time conditions of production of the text, etc. are involved but the application of aesthetic and rhetorical aspects of title is mostly one of the key concerns of authors. Choosing samples from the rhetorics of the titles, we evaluate them based on a critical perspective to make our ways into hidden rhetorical layers of titles. Moreover, the damages resulted from mere attention to the application of rhetorics in the title neglecting the implicative aspects and its relationship with the text are dealt. We seek to make it clear whether the author has taken advantage of the rehtorics to cultivate the title or the other way round. Studying the titles of two works with different themes (mysticism and history), the relationship between the type of rhetorics used in the title, the content of a text, and frequent rhetorical patterns are investigated.
Robabe Ramezani; Reza Nazemian
Abstract
Cognitive linguists have introduced a new conception of metaphor, which is different from the traditional notion of it. This metaphor was first introduced by Lakoff and Johnson. In this new conception, the other metaphor of one unit is not replaced in the same way as another, but rather a documentary ...
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Cognitive linguists have introduced a new conception of metaphor, which is different from the traditional notion of it. This metaphor was first introduced by Lakoff and Johnson. In this new conception, the other metaphor of one unit is not replaced in the same way as another, but rather a documentary formulation, and has already been documented based on the sensory experience. For example, the linguistic metaphor "loves a lot of suffering" is the representation of a conceptual metaphor recorded in our minds: "Love is a journey." Conceptual metaphors are divided into three categories: directional, ontological, structural. This article is intended to explain the conceptual metaphor and analyze how it enters into the language of new poetry based on numerous examples, and then analyzes and adapts conceptual metaphors in samples of the poems of Mrs. Ghadat al-Samman, the great Syrian poet It deals. In the meanwhile, the visual value of the poems of al-Sammān and Normality in his poetry is also examined by descriptive-analytic method. The most important achievement of this article is to prove the presence of the meaningful metaphors in Ghadat al-Samman's poetry and the illustrative analysis of these poems and the influence of the poet's Arabic environment on his poetry and that the desert is considered as the central image of his poetry It will be
masoumeh sadeghi
Abstract
Literature has offered the best situation to process poetic imagination and emotions mingled with objects and nature within centuries,. For this purpose, rhetoric devices like simile and personification have been required. In this style, the poet considers object and natural phenomena from the power ...
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Literature has offered the best situation to process poetic imagination and emotions mingled with objects and nature within centuries,. For this purpose, rhetoric devices like simile and personification have been required. In this style, the poet considers object and natural phenomena from the power of imagination. One of the Masnavi composers, Hatefi Khabushani, has applied personification to illustrate his speech. He has used changes of meaning and used the extrovert perception to convey the meanings and implications more significantly. The present research has used the analytical descriptive method to scrutinize the epopee of Shirin and Khosrow by the technique of changing the meaning through personification. The research findings indicate that Hatefi has practiced descriptive-simile, imitative-repetitive and the interpretive types of changing the meanings and adulteration in his poems. The changing of meaning in imitative- repetitive has vastly covered the personifications in this epopee and has given a literal magnificence to it.Key words: Hatefi Khabushani, Shirin and Khosrow, imagination, personification, Changes of meaning.
asgar salahi; neda nabizade
Abstract
One of the literary debates that the emergence of new sciences has transformed the course of study is metaphor. This literary element, which for many years was considered a purely decorative tool of poetic language, was introduced with the advent of cognitive linguistics as a basis for thinking and a ...
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One of the literary debates that the emergence of new sciences has transformed the course of study is metaphor. This literary element, which for many years was considered a purely decorative tool of poetic language, was introduced with the advent of cognitive linguistics as a basis for thinking and a means of understanding abstract concepts. Given the role of metaphor in revealing the mental underpinnings, we have attempted to examine the function of metaphor in conceptualizing traits in children's works. Therefore, we selected the control poems and analyzed the metaphors involved in the conceptualization of its attributes in an analytical and descriptive way. The results show that the poet has three metaphors in conceptualizing traits: our understanding of phenomena is tasteful; there is something heartfelt and love is fire. Of the types of conceptual metaphors, the only ontological metaphor is his, and he has often used tangible and palate conceptions in his conceptualizations in the choice of origin
Abdolmotaleb Abdollah
Abstract
Symbolism is one of the ways of expressing the views of Pahlavi poets in protesting the atmosphere of tyranny and repression. Persian poetry and poetry during the Constitutional Revolution managed to link the political and social issues with the political and social issues, but it did not last a long ...
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Symbolism is one of the ways of expressing the views of Pahlavi poets in protesting the atmosphere of tyranny and repression. Persian poetry and poetry during the Constitutional Revolution managed to link the political and social issues with the political and social issues, but it did not last a long time in the form of poetry, but with the Pahlavi era and the beginning of the era of tyranny, poetry and Persian literature for The expression of the political, social, and protest views turned to symbolism. Although poetry and literature have always been symbolic, but in this period poets such as Nima, Shamloo, Ebtehaj, Akhavan-Saleh and ... although they did not have a political personality themselves, however, were able to use it in the form of new poetry using symbols such as darkness, blackness , Cold and winter, and ... »express the realities of their time. The poems of this kind of poetry originate from issues that are directly related to politics, but poetry itself has little to do with politics. This poem criticizes and protests the status quo before the Islamic Revolution, and tries to change the political situation of the people and encourages the people to confront the Pahlavi regime. A protester is one who considers the course to be extremely unfavorable, and the future in that particular sense has it.
zahra karimzadeh; fakhri saebikhoshnevis
Abstract
Given the multiplicity of Arab groups in Iran's universities, the limited number of rhetorical books in seminaries and universities, and the extent of teaching some of these books despite their shortcomings, it is necessary to find new and, as yet, Shiite religious sources. In this regard, the present ...
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Given the multiplicity of Arab groups in Iran's universities, the limited number of rhetorical books in seminaries and universities, and the extent of teaching some of these books despite their shortcomings, it is necessary to find new and, as yet, Shiite religious sources. In this regard, the present study aims at introducing and reviewing the book 'Al-Burhan fi wojoh al-Bayan' by Isaac bin Wahab –e- Kateb and comparing it with his contemporary books and current books, especially the book 'Jawaher al Balaghah' by Sayyed Ahmad Hashemi, and reminds the value of this Shiite book. There is not much research about this book. This research has been done using comparative method and using library resources, and mentioned the advantages of this book, the unique method of the author and some of its shortcomings.Keywords: Rhetoric Science, Isaac Bin Wahab –e- Kateb, Al-Burhan fi Wojoh al-Bayan, Sayyed Ahmad Hashemi, Jawaher al-Balagha fi Al-Ma'ani and Al-Bayan and Al-Badi'iKeywords: Rhetoric Science, Isaac Bin Wahab –e- Kateb, Al-Burhan fi Wojoh al-Bayan, Sayyed Ahmad Hashemi, Jawaher al-Balagha fi Al-Ma'ani and Al-Bayan and Al-Badi'i
GHOLAMREZA KARIMIFARD
Abstract
Bilingual poetry (Molamma’) in the literature, it is one of the techniques and innovations of Persian poetry. And it means that the poet will make his poetry in two languages (often Persian and Arabic) The first Bilingual poetry was written by Abu Al-Hasan Shahid ibn Husain Balkhi the sage and ...
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Bilingual poetry (Molamma’) in the literature, it is one of the techniques and innovations of Persian poetry. And it means that the poet will make his poetry in two languages (often Persian and Arabic) The first Bilingual poetry was written by Abu Al-Hasan Shahid ibn Husain Balkhi the sage and poet of Contemporary with Rudaki (d. 329).In the following periods, we can mention Molavi, Sa'di, Hafez, Khajoy Kermani and Fakhr al-Din al-Iraqi.In this Research that Done an analytical- descriptive method, we are looking for answer that question: What is the level of rhetorical images of Hafiz's bilingual poetry?In this study, we conclude that: The rhetorical images in Hafez's bilingual poetry have some delicate and valuable aspects. Putting Arabic words in the form of Farsi mental and linguistic structure. and Also, rhetorical devices show the Arabic poetry of Hafez rhetorically valuable.Key word: Rhetorical device, rhetorical scale, Hafez, Bilingual poetry (Molamma’)
